{"id":451,"date":"2022-02-15T09:51:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T09:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gator3158.temp.domains\/~hollysus\/?p=451"},"modified":"2022-03-01T19:06:32","modified_gmt":"2022-03-01T19:06:32","slug":"new-evidence-of-discrimination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/home\/new-evidence-of-discrimination\/","title":{"rendered":"NEW EVIDENCE OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST BLACK COACHES IN THE NFL SINCE 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>By JOSHUA D. PITTS, <\/strong><em><em>Associate Professor of Sport Management and Economics, Kennesaw State University<\/em><\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"http:\/\/gator3158.temp.domains\/~hollysus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-1024x683.bmp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-1024x683.bmp 1024w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-300x200.bmp 300w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-768x512.bmp 768w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-1536x1024.bmp 1536w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-150x100.bmp 150w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-696x464.bmp 696w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-1068x712.bmp 1068w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl-630x420.bmp 630w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl.bmp 1920w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ktpolxyl.bmp 1392w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(Editor: Discrimination, denial, and racism are not good spiritual values)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Boldly going where no NFL coach has gone before,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thegamehaus.com\/nfl\/the-firing-of-miami-dolphins-head-coach-brian-flores\/2022\/01\/15\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">recently fired<\/a>&nbsp;Miami Dolphins head coach Brian Flores put his future career at stake and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/us-news\/former-dolphins-coach-brian-flores-files-racial-discrimination-lawsuit-rcna14457\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">filed a class-action lawsuit<\/a>&nbsp;against the league, the New York Giants, the Denver Broncos and the Dolphins, alleging discriminatory hiring practices among team owners.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coincidentally, a study I began working on in the spring of 2020&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00346446221076866\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">was published online<\/a>&nbsp;in the Review of Black Political Economy mere hours before Flores\u2019 lawsuit went public. My colleagues and I used data on all NFL offensive and defensive coordinators since the 2003 introduction of the Rooney Rule, which required all NFL teams to interview at least one minority candidate for vacant head-coaching jobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ufeff<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We wanted to determine what factors were correlated with a coordinator\u2019s probability of becoming a head coach. Our results identified many factors that have impacted a coordinator\u2019s chances of landing a head-coaching job. One of those factors was the coordinator\u2019s race.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The study pays specific attention to the case of Kansas City Chiefs offensive coordinator&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cincinnati.com\/story\/sports\/nfl\/bengals\/2020\/01\/29\/rooney-rule-eric-bieniemy-taking-high-road-after-not-getting-job\/4612974002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Eric Bieniemy<\/a>, who is Black.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before Flores\u2019 lawsuit was filed, Bieniemy&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/profootballtalk.nbcsports.com\/2021\/06\/28\/eric-bieniemy-head-coaching-job-will-happen-at-right-place-with-right-people\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">had largely been the face<\/a>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sbnation.com\/nfl\/2020\/1\/13\/21063609\/chiefs-offense-eric-bieniemy-nfl-head-coaching-job-candidate-texans-playoffs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">discussion surrounding Black football coaches<\/a>. What makes his case particularly interesting is the fact that two of his predecessors, who are both white, were quickly promoted to head-coaching gigs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many in the media have suggested that Bieniemy\u2019s lack of head-coaching opportunities can be&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newspressnow.com\/sports\/bieniemys-case-included-in-lawsuit-alleging-racism-in-nfl-hiring-processes\/article_3c24ea7e-8482-11ec-8f5d-2fac0abb9cc9.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">attributed to racism<\/a>. In our study, we wanted to see if there was any validity to this claim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A dead branch in Andy Reid\u2019s coaching tree<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When Andy Reid became head coach of the Kansas City Chiefs in 2013, his offensive coordinator was former NFL quarterback Doug Pederson, who is white. At the conclusion of the 2015 season, Pederson became head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphia.cbslocal.com\/2016\/01\/18\/report-brad-childress-to-replace-doug-pederson-as-chiefs-offensive-coordinator\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pederson\u2019s replacement for the 2016 season<\/a>&nbsp;was former Minnesota Vikings head coach Brad Childress. In 2017, Childress remained with the Chiefs as assistant head coach, and Matt Nagy, who is white,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/arrowheadaddict.com\/2017\/02\/13\/kansas-city-chiefs-matt-nagy-offensive-coordinator-brad-childress\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">was promoted<\/a>&nbsp;from quarterbacks coach to offensive coordinator. After only one season as Chiefs offensive coordinator,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcsports.com\/chicago\/bears\/bears-hire-chiefs-offensive-coordinator-matt-nagy-new-head-coach\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nagy accepted a head-coaching offer from the Chicago Bears<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nagy\u2019s replacement was Bieniemy. During Bieniemy\u2019s tenure, the Chiefs have reached four straight AFC Championship games and two Super Bowls.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pro-football-reference.com\/coaches\/ReidAn0.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">simple rating system<\/a>&nbsp;metric provided by Pro-Football-Reference.com, the Chiefs\u2019 worst offensive performance under Bieniemy\u2019s tutelage was better than any season for Pederson or Nagy. Yet Bieniemy, who was&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.outkick.com\/chiefs-oc-eric-bieniemys-contract-expires-after-being-passed-up-for-head-coaching-vacancies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">once again passed over in this year\u2019s hiring cycle<\/a>, still awaits his first head-coaching opportunity despite reportedly&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/chiefswire.usatoday.com\/2022\/02\/04\/kansas-city-chiefs-eric-bieniemy-head-coach-interview-new-orleans-saints-sean-payton-successor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">interviewing for 15 such positions as of February 2022<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What NFL owners like in a coach<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We collected data on all 267 NFL coordinators between 2003 and 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to race, our model accounts for a coordinator\u2019s age; their years of experience as a coordinator; their years of NFL playing experience; what position they played in college; what positions they coached in the NFL; whether they had NFL or college head-coaching experience; whether they were an offensive or defensive coordinator; whether they were coaching under an offensive- or defensive-minded head coach; and their performance as a coordinator. The model also controls for the number of head-coaching vacancies each offseason.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our research revealed several potential reasons for why Bieniemy has yet to secure a job as a head coach in the NFL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One could have to do with the position Bieniemy played and coached prior to becoming Chiefs offensive coordinator: running back. NFL owners seem to devalue experience playing or coaching this position in their head coaches. Of the 32 head coaches to begin the 2021 NFL season, none were former running backs. Excluding special-teams positions, running back was the only position not played by at least one head coach for the 2021 season.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pederson and Nagy are both former quarterbacks, which is a background NFL owners do value in head coaches. In fact, 12 head coaches in 2021 were former quarterbacks. Our model reveals that having played quarterback in college increases a coordinator\u2019s probability of becoming a head coach by nearly 10%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Two strands of racial bias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>At the same time, our research suggests that, even when you control for factors like previous playing and coaching experience, Bieniemy\u2019s race may have limited his head-coaching opportunities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, we found a statistically significant difference in how NFL playing experience impacts the probability of becoming a head coach for Black and non-Black coordinators.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both Black and non-Black coordinators benefit from having played in the NFL. However, non-Black coordinators benefit more. Each additional year of NFL playing experience increases a non-Black coordinator\u2019s probability of becoming a head coach more than a Black coordinator\u2019s probability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, our research found that Black coordinators were simply less likely to be promoted to head coach between 2018 and 2020. However, there was no such evidence of this between 2003 and 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These two findings \u2013 that Black coordinators have been less likely to be promoted since 2018 and that Black coordinators benefit less from NFL playing experience \u2013 are not concrete proof that NFL owners are discriminating against Black coordinators. Concrete proof would require us to know and account for every characteristic that owners consider when deciding who to hire as their head coach. This isn\u2019t possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the findings are \u201cconsistent with discrimination\u201d against Black coordinators. In other words, if owners are discriminating against Black assistants, you would expect results similar to ours.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using our model, we calculate that Bieniemy\u2019s probability of promotion in 2020 would have increased from 42.5% to 57.2% if his race weren\u2019t Black.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/gator3158.temp.domains\/~hollysus\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-1024x787.bmp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-452\" width=\"512\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-1024x787.bmp 1024w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-300x231.bmp 300w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-768x590.bmp 768w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-150x115.bmp 150w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-696x535.bmp 696w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-1068x821.bmp 1068w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm-546x420.bmp 546w, https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ltqvw7dm.bmp 1220w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption><em>Table: The Conversation, CC-BY-ND&nbsp; Source: Joshua Pitts&nbsp; <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.hollywoodjesus.com\/null\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Get the data<\/a><em>&nbsp; <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/XrLqZ\/2\/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Download image<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Race matters after controlling for other factors<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A common reason given for Bieniemy\u2019s \u2013 and other Black coaches\u2019 \u2013 lack of head-coaching opportunities is a dearth of Black coaches who have experience playing or coaching the quarterback position. Black quarterbacks are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/sports\/2021\/09\/10\/black-quarterbacks-nfl-2021\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">becoming more common in the NFL<\/a>, but for a long time, that wasn\u2019t the case. In a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12114-012-9149-z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2013 study<\/a>, I found that Black high school quarterbacks were significantly more likely to change positions in college than white high school quarterbacks. It\u2019s likely that this segregation at the QB position has had a ripple effect that extends into the coaching ranks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Others&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/sports.yahoo.com\/why-is-eric-bieniemy-still-waiting-to-become-latest-product-of-chiefs-head-coach-factory-184604861.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">attribute the Chiefs\u2019 offensive success<\/a>&nbsp;to Reid, who has a reputation as an offensive guru. Yet this is a belief that former offensive coordinators Pederson and Nagy would have also had to overcome to get their head-coaching gigs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our study did reveal that many of the common reasons given for Bieniemy\u2019s lack of head-coaching opportunities are likely true. Being an offensive coordinator under an offensive guru, being a former running back and having only been a running backs coach in the NFL before becoming an offensive coordinator have all contributed to Bieniemy\u2019s struggles in becoming a head coach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in our model, even after controlling for each of these factors, and more, we still find that Black coordinators have been less likely to be promoted since 2018. And while some have suggested that Bieniemy could simply be&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/sports\/nfl\/report-eric-bieniemy-allegedly-performing-poorly-during-interviews-is-bs\/ar-AASSpVJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a poor interviewer<\/a>, for that to explain our results, all Black coordinators would have to have suddenly become poor interviewers beginning in 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the case of Bieniemy, our findings suggest his race is not the only reason he has yet to secure a head-coaching job. But it\u2019s likely one of the reasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the wake of Flores\u2019 lawsuit, the accused were quick to describe Flores\u2019 allegations as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.si.com\/nfl\/2022\/02\/03\/new-york-giants-call-brian-floress-allegations-disturbing-and-simply-false\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">disturbing<\/a>,\u201d \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-us\/sports\/nfl\/broncos-call-brian-flores-allegations-regarding-2019-e2-80-9csham-e2-80-9d-interview-e2-80-9cblatantly-false-e2-80-9d\/ar-AATnrHL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">blatantly false<\/a>\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yahoo.com\/now\/dolphins-owner-stephen-ross-calls-054329862.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">malicious<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Our research is consistent with a different description of Flores\u2019 allegation of discrimination: true.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>**********<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. -->\n <img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/176351\/count.gif?resize=1%2C1&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important\">\n <!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines -->\n <p>\n  <span>\n   <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/joshua-d-pitts-978099\">\n    Joshua D. Pitts\n   <\/a>\n   , Associate Professor of Sport Management and Economics,\n   <em>\n    <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/kennesaw-state-university-2125\">\n     Kennesaw State University\n    <\/a>\n   <\/em>\n  <\/span>\n <\/p>\n <p>\n  <small>\n   This article is republished from\n   <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">\n    The Conversation\n   <\/a>\n   under a Creative Commons license.\n  <\/small>\n <\/p>\n <small>\n <\/small>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is really going on? There are two findings \u2013 that Black coordinators have been less likely to be promoted since 2018 and that Black coordinators benefit less from NFL playing experience \u2013 but these are are not concrete proof that NFL owners are discriminating against Black coordinators. However&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[19],"tags":[147,150,149,154,148,153,20,152,151,155,156],"class_list":{"0":"post-451","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-news","8":"tag-african-american","9":"tag-bias","10":"tag-diversity","11":"tag-equity","12":"tag-football","13":"tag-inclusion","14":"tag-news","15":"tag-nfl","16":"tag-race","17":"tag-racism","18":"tag-sports"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>NEW EVIDENCE OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST BLACK COACHES IN THE NFL SINCE 2018 - Hollywood Jesus<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hollywoodjesus.com\/home\/new-evidence-of-discrimination\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"NEW EVIDENCE OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST BLACK COACHES IN THE NFL SINCE 2018 - Hollywood Jesus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"What is really going on? There are two findings \u2013 that Black coordinators have been less likely to be promoted since 2018 and that Black coordinators benefit less from NFL playing experience \u2013 but these are are not concrete proof that NFL owners are discriminating against Black coordinators. 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